Effects of passive inhalation of cigarette smoke on structural and functional parameters in the respiratory system of guinea pigs
نویسندگان
چکیده
Objective: To evaluate the effects of passive inhalation of cigarette smoke on the respiratory system of guinea pigs. Methods: Male guinea pigs were divided into two groups: control and passive smoking, the latter being exposed to the smoke of ten cigarettes for 20 min in the morning, afternoon and evening (30 cigarettes/day) for five days. After that period, inflammatory parameters were studied by quantifying mesenteric mast cell degranulation, as well as oxidative stress, in BAL fluid. In addition, we determined MIP, MEP, and mucociliary transport (in vivo), as well as tracheal contractility response (in vitro). Results: In comparison with the control group, the passive smoking group showed a significant increase in mast cell degranulation (19.75 ± 3.77% vs. 42.53 ± 0.42%; p < 0.001) and in the levels of reduced glutathione (293.9 ± 19.21 vs. 723.7 ± 67.43 nM/g of tissue; p < 0.05); as well as a significant reduction in mucociliary clearance (p < 0.05), which caused significant changes in pulmonary function (in MIP and MEP; p < 0.05 for both) and airway hyperreactivity. Conclusions: Passive inhalation of cigarette smoke caused significant increases in mast cell degranulation and oxidative stress. This inflammatory process seems to influence the decrease in mucociliary transport and to cause changes in pulmonary function, leading to tracheal hyperreactivity. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos da inalação passiva da fumaça de cigarro no sistema respiratório de cobaias. Métodos: Foram utilizadas cobaias machos, divididas em dois grupos: controle e tabagismo passivo, esse último exposto à fumaça de dez cigarros por 20 min pela manhã, tarde e noite (30 cigarros/dia) por 5 dias. Após esse período, parâmetros inflamatórios foram estudados através da contagem de degranulação de mastócitos no mesentério e de estresse oxidativo a partir do LBA. Adicionalmente, foram verificadas PImáx, PEmáx, transporte mucociliar (in vivo) e contratilidade traqueal (in vitro). Resultados: Na comparação com o grupo controle, o grupo tabagismo passivo apresentou um aumento significativo na degranulação de mastócitos (19,75 ± 3,77% vs. 42,53 ± 0,42%; p < 0,001), nos níveis de glutationa reduzida (293,9 ± 19,21 vs. 723,7 ± 67,43 nM/g de tecido; p < 0,05) e uma redução significativa no transporte mucociliar (p < 0,05), provocando alterações significativas na função pulmonar, tanto na PImáx como na PEmáx (p < 0,05 para ambas), e hiper-reatividade nas vias aéreas. Conclusões: A inalação passiva da fumaça de cigarro ocasionou aumentos significativos na degranulação de mastócitos e no estresse oxidativo. Esse processo inflamatório parece ter influenciado a diminuição do transporte mucociliar e causado alterações na função pulmonar, proporcionando um quadro de hiper-reatividade traqueal.
منابع مشابه
A histological study on the effects of aqueous extract of Althea officinalis on epithelial and submucosal mucocilliary system of rat trachea following inhalation of cigarette smoke
The contents of cigarette smoke (gaseous and solid phases) have been attributed to a variety of diseases in the respiratory and cardiovascular systems and have been associated with development of different types of cancers. In respiratory system, these compounds specially cause epithelial cell injury, and interfere with mucocilliary transport (MTC). Various parts of Althea officinalis (family M...
متن کاملA histological study on the effects of aqueous extract of Althea officinalis on epithelial and submucosal mucocilliary system of rat trachea following inhalation of cigarette smoke
The contents of cigarette smoke (gaseous and solid phases) have been attributed to a variety of diseases in the respiratory and cardiovascular systems and have been associated with development of different types of cancers. In respiratory system, these compounds specially cause epithelial cell injury, and interfere with mucocilliary transport (MTC). Various parts of Althea officinalis (family M...
متن کاملعوارض حاد تنفسی در هنگام بیهوشی در کودکانی که مواجهه غیرارادی با دود سیگار داشته اند
Introduction & Objective: Exposure to the environmental Tobacco smoke is associated with detrimental effects on pulmonary function in the children. This study investigated the relation between airway complications in children receiving general anesthesia with the passive inhalation of smoke and those who were not. Materials & Methods: 223 children scheduled to receive general anesthesia ca...
متن کاملEffect of vitamin C on tracheal responsiveness and pulmonary inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease model of guinea pig
Introduction: In the present study, the prophylactic effect of vitamin C, as a potent anti-oxidant, on tracheal responsiveness to methacholine and ovalbumin, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid white blood cell (WBC) count and differential count, and also lung pathology in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) -guinea pigs (cigarette exposed guinea pigs) were examined. In addition, the relax...
متن کاملThe effect of natural adjuvants (G2, G2F) on lung inflammation of sensitized guinea pigs
Objective: The effects of natural adjuvants were examined on total and differential WBC counts in lung lavage of sensitized guinea pigs. Materials and Methods: In three sensitized groups of guinea pigs including: untreated sensitized animals (S), sensitized animals treated with adjuvant G2 (S+G2) and G2F (S+G2F) as well as non-sensitized group (C) (n=6 for each group), total and differential WB...
متن کامل